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"In this English version of Eminescu's poems, I have followed the text of the Maiorescu edition and as far as order and arrangement are concerned, I have used the second edition. The words "doina" (melancholy Romanian folk song), "toaca" ( bell board suspended narrow board rhythmically, rapidly hit with small hammer(s) by monks or nuns to call the congregations to the office), "cobza" (ancient string instrument used as accompaniment instrument when singing romances and love songs), and "candela" (votive light; perpetually burning dim light in remembrance of beloved persons) are given as they appear in the original. I have considered that English substitutes would rob them of all significance and colour. With regard to the use of "Lucifer" in place of "Luceafarul", it could be obiected that Lucifer denotes the devil and not, like "Lucifer", a personification of the prince of light, symbolised by a star. This is incorrect. In English mythology," Lucifer" holds a place almost identical to that which "Luceafarul" holds in the Romanian one: namely that of the prince of the light, visibly symbolised by a star. To translate "Luceafarul" by the simple designation of "evening-star" would be to deprive it of all personality." |